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2a. see 2.

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35a. see 35

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40. We thank A. V. Yablokov, Counsellor to the President of Russia for Ecology and Health, for letters of introduction; Ural State University and its then rector, P. F. Suetin, for inviting us to Ekaterinburg; S.F. Borisov, V. A. Shchepetkin, and A. P. Tiutiunnik for assistance and advice; members of the Ekaterinburg medical community and the Svedlovskaya Oblast Sanitary Epidemiological Service for discussions, notes, and documents; interview respondents for their cooperation; P. N. Burgasov, USSR Deputy Minister of Health at the time of the outbreak, for documents regarding livestock deaths; and People's Deputy L. P. Mishustina for the administrative list of those who died. I. V  Belaeva assisted with interviews. We also thank B. Ring, W. H. Bossert, P. J. M. Cannone, M. T. Collins, S.R. Hanna, J. V. Jemski, D. Joseph, H. F. Judson, M. M, Kaplan, J. Medema, C. R. Replogle, R. Stafford, J. H. Steele, and E. D. Sverdlov. Supported by grants to M.M, from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation and the Carnegie Corporation of New York. This article is dedicated to Alexander Langmuir.